Optimization of the Adaptability of the Fuel Cell Vehicle Waste Heat Utilization Subsystem to Extreme Cold Environments

In extremely cold environments, the fuel cell vehicle (FCV) waste heat utilization subsystem can only exchange a small amount of proton membrane (PEMFC) into warm air circuit for cab heating, which has poor adaptability to environments. The first step in this study was build test bench vehicles. Secondly, PEMFC heating capacity and liquid–liquid exchanger transfer were analyzed using experimental data assess ability FCV subsystems with different rated powers adapt Then, optimization mathematical model established, performance orthogonally optimized based on Taguchi method. Finally, installed tests. results show that when ambient temperature is −20 °C, −25 °C or −30 subsystem, inlet outlet temperatures are reduced, power consumption positive coefficient (PTC) reduced by 57.6% 48% 34.3%, respectively, improving rate heat, thereby